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Aragon
Die Krone Aragon (spanisch
Corona de Aragón,
katalanisch Corona d’Aragó)
war ein historisches Staatsgebilde, das von 1137 bis zum Ende des
Mittelalters bestand und sich im Laufe der Zeit von den ursprünglichen
Kerngebieten
Aragón im engeren Sinne und
Katalonien auf einen großen Teil des Mittelmeerraumes ausdehnte.
Die Länder der Krone Aragon
(Die hellblauen Gebiete waren nur kurzzeitig oder
indirekt unter aragonesischer Herrschaft)
Hauptstadt
During the 15-16th century the Crown's de facto
capital was
Naples: after
Alfonso V of Aragon, also
Ferdinand II of Aragon settled the capital in Naples. Alfonso, in
particular, wanted to transform Naples into a real Mediterranean capital,
lavishing also huge sums to embellish it further. Later the courts were
itinerant until
Philip II of Spain. The Spanish historian Domingo Buesa Conde has argued
that Zaragoza ought to be considered the political capital, but not economic
or administrative, due to the obligation of the kings to be crowned at the
Seo of Zaragoza.
Composition
The crown was made up of the following states (which are nowadays parts
of the modern countries of Spain, France,
Italy,
Greece,
Malta, and
Andorra):
|
Name |
Type
of entity |
Notes |
Andorra |
Co-principality |
Briefly annexed by Aragon in 1396 and again
in 1512 |
Aragon |
Kingdom |
Joined with the
County of Barcelona in 1162 to form the Crown |
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Athens |
Duchy |
Inherited through the Kingdom of Sicily in
1381; lost in 1388 |
|
Catalonia |
County, later
Principality |
Merged with Aragon in 1162 to form the
Crown |
Gévaudan |
County |
Inherited in 1166 by
Alfonso II; lost in 1307 |
Majorca |
Kingdom |
Established in 1231 by James I, including
Roussillon and
Montpellier, as part of the Crown |
Naples |
Kingdom |
Successfully wrestled by
Alfonso V from
Capetian rule in 1442; briefly gained independence, contended
again by the French King
Louis XIII, then reconquered by
Spain
in the
Italian War of 1499–1504; lost permanently in 1714, after the
War of the Spanish Succession |
Neopatria |
Duchy |
Inherited through the Kingdom of Sicily in
1381; lost in 1390 |
|
Provence |
County |
Inherited with the county of Barcelona in
1162 |
Sardinia |
Kingdom |
In 1297
Pope Boniface VIII created
ex novo this kingdom and entrusted it in
fiefdom to the Aragonese King
James II, ignoring already existing, indigenous states;
Aragonese conquest of the island did not start until 1324 and was
completed only by 1420.The kingdom was lost in 1714. |
Sicily |
Kingdom |
Ruled as an independent kingdom by
relatives or cadet members of the House of Aragon from 1282 to 1409;
then added permanently to the Crown, including
Malta;
lost in 1713 |
Valencia |
Kingdom |
Established in 1238, as part of the Crown,
following the conquest of the
Moorish
taifa |
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